You are here : health.am > Cancer Health Center > Breast Cancer Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Radiation therapy for Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Two important changes have occurred over the last decade in the definition of locally advanced breast cancer. First, T3N0 lesions have now been categorized as Stage IIB disease, reflecting their… Radiation Therapy for Axillary Control • Breast Cancer • • Radiation therapy for Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 NSABP-B04 demonstrated that radiation, in lieu of axillary dissection, for patients with clinical N0 or N1 breast cancer was adequate treatment and secured local control in the majority of patients. Currently, most… Radiation Treatment Side Effects • Breast Cancer • • Radiation therapy for Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 During the course of therapy, patients commonly experience erythema, irritation and tenderness of the treated breast. Occasionally, there is blistering in the inframammary and anterior axillary region. Our policy on skin care is… Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Radiation therapy for Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Six randomized trials, both in the United States and Europe, demonstrated conclusively that lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy to the conserved breast tissue was as effective as modified radical mastectomy in… Radiation treatment for breast cancer • Breast Cancer • • Radiation therapy for Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Breast cancer was the first major malignancy demonstrated to be adequately treated with organ preservation. The impact of the randomized trials performed in the United States and Europe to investigate the effectiveness… Hereditary Breast Cancer Summary • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 In summary, the identification of a germline BRCA mutation in a woman with breast or ovarian cancer should not, at present, influence her local or systemic treatment. The recognition of a hereditary breast… Prevention Strategies for Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Given the uncertain utility of screening programs (secondary prevention) in this high-risk population, some women consider undergoing surgical procedures in an attempt to manage their risk. Bilateral risk-reducing… Surveillance Options for Individuals with BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Surveillance options for individuals with germline BRCA mutations are necessarily built on expert opinion. Unfortunately, there has been no formal demonstration that any approach will impact cancer-specific mortality… Clinical Aspects of BRCA-Associated Breast and Ovarian Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 From a clinical perspective, it is important to determine whether or not BRCA-associated malignancies are distinct, either in appearance, biology or outcome. BRCA-associated breast cancers are usually infiltrating ductal… Cancer Risks in Individuals with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 The identification of unaffected women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations provides an opportunity to reduce cancer mortality by enrolling such ndividuals in intensive surveillance and prevention programs.… Other Causes of Hereditary Breast Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 It is important to bear in mind that not all families with a pedigree suggestive of hereditary breast cancer are linked to BRCA1 or BRCA2. Alterations in other genes, such as… Ethnic Status and Mutation Prevalence - Hereditary Breast Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Ethnic status strongly influences the probability of detecting a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. In the United States, Jewish women do not, as a group, manifest a significantly… Probability of Detecting Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 The probability of detecting a BRCA mutation in a given individual varies greatly with the clinical scenario. In two population-based series of unselected breast cancer cases, the rate of… Functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 and the Mechanism of Hereditary Susceptibility • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 The functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 are incompletely defined. The genes share little sequence homology, although there are some similarities in exon structure. The susceptibility… Hereditary Breast Cancer and the Identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 There are several possible explanations for the observed tendency of breast cancer to cluster in families. Chance may cause a common disorder such as breast cancer to… Hereditary Breast Cancer • Breast Cancer • • Hereditary Breast Cancer • Jun 13 08 Familial Breast Cancer A family history of breast cancer has been consistently recognized as one of the most important risk factors for the disease. Various studies have suggested that between 15-25% of… Molecular Biology of Preliferative Breast Disease • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 A number of genes have been identified as putative oncogenes in breast cancer based on expression in breast cancer and correlation with prognosis or as tumor suppressor genes by LOH. A… Conclusion - Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 The number of genetic alterations seen in breast cancer makes the task of constructing a model of genetic progression daunting. In general, the cUnician pays little attention to… Experimental Model for human proliferative Breast Disease • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 Recently, we established a new and unique model of early human breast cancer progression. This model, which is called “MCFIOAT”, consists of preneoplastic human breast epithelial cells that are able… Other Suppressor Genes • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 A number of other suppressor genes have been implicated in breast cancer. Nm23, originally characterized as a metastasis suppressor gene, has been reported to be uniformly expressed in all epithehal cells of benign… Estrogen Receptor • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 To many, progression of breast cancer and loss of estrogen receptor (ER) are synonymous. The perception is that normal breast tissue is ER*, is growth stimulated by estrogen, and is dependent upon estrogen for growth.… Invasion and Proteases • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 An increase in expression of enzymes capable of degrading basement membranes and extracellular matrix would be expected to occur in the progression to invasive cancer. This has been observed for cathepsin D (Zhao et… Angiogenesis of Early Breast Lesions • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 Angiogenesis is known to be important in metastasis, and microvasculature density, defined as vessels per unit area, has been reported to be a reliable prognostic indicator in early stage breast cancer (Weidner… Orthotopic Tissue Interactions • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 Most of what is known about the role of mammary tissue interactions in progression is based on studies with preneoplastic mouse mammary tissues. These lesions require normal mammary stroma for growth and progression to… Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions - Introduction • Breast Cancer • • Biology of High Risk Benign Breast Lesions • Jun 12 08 The natural history of breast cancer indicates that it develops over years-even decades-and may progress through recognizable stages of proliferative breast disease. Although breast cancers are slow growing,… Page 5 of 7 pages « First < 3 4 5 6 7 > << Back to main
