The Adolescent Girl

Human Papilloma Virus

HPV; about 100 types of DNA virus; infecting epithelial cells only; gynecologically important types HPV-6, -11, -16 and…    

Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Risk Factors

The most crucial factors of STD risk are sexual behavior and activity, but female gender and specific social…    

STD- The Most Common Infections

Because the goal of this section is to deal with the closely defined STDs, as opposed to HIV…    

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

N. gonorrhoeae; fastidious gram-negative diplococcus; infecting mucous membranes. Incubation period: 2 - 7 days.

Epidemiology. Gonorrhea…    

Herpes Simplex Virus

HSV-1 and -2; DNA viruses; persistently infecting regional ganglion. Incubation period: initial infection 2 - 7 days.

…    

Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention

Prevention as the most effective strategy to avoid spreading STDs among adolescents can be divided into three components.…    

Hyperandrogenism in Adolescent Girls

Mild symptoms of hyperandrogenism, such as acne or hyperseborrhea, are frequent in adolescent girls, and are often associated…    

The Physiological Hyperandrogenism of Puberty

At the beginning of puberty, LH pulsatility is only present during sleep. It then extends to the daytime,…    

Diagnosis of Hyperandrogenism in Female Adolescents

Clinical Assessment
When an adolescent girl is referred for hyperandrogenism, the first visit must include a…    

Causes of Hyperandrogenism in Female Adolescents

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Pediatric and adult endocrinologists may encounter PCOS as a mildly virilizing state…    

Adolescent Dysmenorrhea

Primary or functional dysmenorrhea in the adolescent is a painful paroxysmal syndrome that precedes and may accompany menses,…    

Adolescent Dysmenorrhea Prevalence

We conducted an epidemiological study of the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in the middle and high schools in Montpellier,…    

Adolescent Dysmenorrhea Treatment

NSAIDs are the most common pharmacologic treatment for dysmenorrhea: NSAIDs, which are able to inhibit prostaglandin synthetase, have…    

Adolescent Dysmenorrhea Etiology

Evidence supports the concept that dysmenorrhea arises through the excess in prostaglandin synthesis from the endometrium itself: elevated…    

Adolescent Dysmenorrhea Conclusion

Adolescent dysmenorrhea has long been considered a minor problem of menarche. Its relative frequency, the various degrees of…    

Oligomenorrhea

Definition: Bleeding intervals longer than 35 days. Oligomenorrhea may be transient during the transition to a normal cycle.…    

Polymenorrhea

Definition: Bleeding intervals shorter than 21 days. This anomaly is quite frequent in puberty and adolescence and is…

Menstrual Irregularities - Conclusion

Menstrual irregularities are common in puberty and adolescence during the development of ovarian function and until a regular…    

Metrorrhagia

Metrorrhagia, characterized by bleeding episodes without a recognizable cycle, is a frequent form of irregular bleeding in adolescence.…    

Hypermenorrhea

Definition: Severe until excessive bleeding within a quite regular cycle, blood loss >80 ml. Severe bleeding is clinically…