Alcoholic ketoacidosis

Alternative names
Ketoacidosis - alcoholic

Definition
Alcoholic ketoacidosis is an accumulation of ketones (a type of acid) in the blood, caused by excessive alcohol consumption.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors
This disorder can be a complication of alcohol use, especially excessive alcohol use.

Symptoms

• Fatigue
  
• low, sluggish, lethargic movement
  
• Breathing difficulty leading, when untreated, to an abnormal breathing pattern
  
• Irregular deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul’s)
  
• Loss of appetite
  
• Nausea and vomiting
  
• Abdominal pain
  
• Symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness and light headedness
  
• Confusion
  
• Agitation
  
• Changes in mental activity leading to loss of consciousness

• Blood and urine tests for excess acids, or ketones, in the body
  
• Blood chemistry tests
  
• Tests to quantify the amount of alcohol in the blood

Expectations (prognosis)
Prompt medical attention improves the overall prognosis of this condition.

Complications
This can be a life-threatening disorder.

Calling your health care provider
If you, a family member, or a friend have symptoms of alcoholic ketoacidosis, seek medical attention from an emergency department.

Prevention
Limit alcohol consumption to moderate levels.

Medical Encyclopedia
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