Transvestism and Gender Identity Disorder in Adults

Gender Identity Disorder - Treatment of Incarcerated Patients

Persons with GID are often economically disadvantaged as a result of legal discrimination in the workplace and inability to access appropriate medical and psychiatric health care. Some patients resort to prostitution or other illicit activities in an attempt…    

Bioethical Issues in Treatment Decisions for Gender Identity Disorder

All treatment decisions involve the tacit decision to treat or to withhold treatment. Although often not expressed, the “not to treat” side of the analysis of risks versus benefits is quite important and should be explored in patients…    

Gender Identity Disorder Surgical Treatments: Sex Reassignment Surgery

Sex reassignment surgery (SRS), also referred to as gender confirmation (Hage et al. 1997) or “reconfirmation” surgery (Laub 1987), is generally considered the “icing on the cake” for gender-dysphoric persons who have navigated the other elements of treatment…    

Gender Identity Disorder Ancillary Treatments

Patients with GID often require ancillary treatments to improve their quality of life and their likelihood of being accepted in the opposite-gender role. Although the latter goal is not universally sought after (Bolin 1998; Rothblatt 1995), the majority…    

Females With Gender Identity Disorder

FTM transsexuals have little in common with MTF patients other than their basic problem of gender dysphoria and confronting a society that is generally staunchly dichotomous in its approach to gender. Otherwise, they are distinct populations, as different…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood Psychiatric Treatments

Psychotherapy, which historically has been viewed as an adjunct treatment for gender disorder patients (especially surgery candidates) and only more recently as a primary treatment, has been successful in informing and educating patients, thus rendering relief to gender-dysphoric…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood Hormonal Treatments

Cross-sex hormonal treatments play an important role in the psychological and anatomic gender transition process for properly selected adult patients with GID. Internationally recognized Standards of Care indicate that such treatments are “medically necessary” for rehabilitation in the…    

Gender Identity Disorder General Treatment Considerations

Patients with severe and prolonged symptoms of gender dysphoria are described as desperate or intensely compelled individuals who have a “frantic preoccupation” (Stoller and Herdt 1982) with opposite-gender hormonal treatment and sex reassignment surgery as solutions to their…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood Assessment

In the clinical assessment of patients, all aspects of sexual identity, sexual role, and sexual behaviors should be approached as variables independent of gender identity and role. One of the problems with research in sexual identity formation is…    

Comorbid Axis I and II Diagnoses

Although histories of psychiatric treatments for substance abuse, adolescent adjustment disorders, serious suicidal thoughts, and depression are not uncommon in gender-dysphoric patients (Dixen et al. 1984), there is no evidence of increased frequency of comorbid diagnoses when nonclinical…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of gender identity conditions encompasses both physical and psychiatric considerations (Table 70-6). The nosological evolution of these conditions includes conceptual changes in DSM-IV from prior versions: independent placement of GID…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood Clinical Presentation

Patients with GID typically range from age 13 to 60 years, although some patients are referred as early as 4 years of age (Green 1974) and some as late as in their 70s (Docter 1985). Historically, these patients…    

Gender Identity Disorder of Adulthood

Most mental health clinicians will be asked to evaluate or treat at least one, if not more, patients with a GID during his or her career. This section is designed to inform mental health care professionals about the…    

Transvestism - Summary

Transvestic fetishism is a chronic condition that has its onset in the first decade of life and is characterized by a natural history that includes highly variable frequencies of cross-dressing and “remissions,” lasting from months to several years,…    

Treatment for Spouses of Transvestites

Marital partners of transvestites are more likely than their husbands to seek treatment from a psychiatrist (G. R. Brown 1994). In Prince and Bentler’s (1972) survey of 504 subscribers to a transvestite journal, most of whom were themselves…