Male Infertility
Introduction
Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples. Roughly 40% of cases involve a male contribution or factor, 40% involve a female factor, and the remainder involve both sexes.
The evaluation of male infertility is undertaken methodically to acquire several kinds of information. Before discussing the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility, a review of basic reproductive tract physiology is in order.
Male Infertility
- Introduction
- Male reproductive physiology
- Diagnosis of Male Infertility
- History
- Physical Examination
- Laboratory
- Adjunctive Tests
- Semen Leukocyte Analysis
- Antisperm Antibody Test
- Hypoosmotic Swelling Test
- Sperm Penetration Assay
- Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction
- Chromosomal Studies
- Cystic Fibrosis Mutation Testing
- Y Chromosome Microdeletion Analysis
- Radiologic Testing
- Testis Biopsy & Vasography
- Fine-Needle Aspiration “Mapping” of Testes
- Semen Culture
- Semen Leukocyte Analysis
- History
- Causes of Male infertility
- Pretesticular
- Testicular
- Chromosomal Causes
- Other Syndromes
- Gonadotoxins
- Systemic Disease
- Defective Androgen Activity
- Testis Injury
- Cryptorchidism
- Varicocele
- Idiopathic
- Chromosomal Causes
- Posttesticular
- Pretesticular
- Treatment of Male infertility
Revision date: December 18, 2007
Last revised: by Dave R. Roger, M.D.
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