|
The following are the questions and their answers. Please feel free to contribute to this
area by emailing your own questions, forwarding interesting information, or providing the addresses of other helpful Web sites.
How often should I go to my Dentist for a Check-up?
Some people tend to have a rather strange attitude towards check-ups. If the dentist does not find something wrong, their time has been wasted. As a matter of fact, a series of successful visits can discourage them from ever seeing their dentist and hygienist again. The idea that you should only see the dentist when something is wrong is not only ridiculous but can end up costing you a lot of money, comfort and time.
Your dentist is trained to detect and treat many problems before you are even aware of them. The goal is prevention - prevent disease, decay and tooth loss. Your dentist can help you but only if you make the appointment. It all comes back to teamwork. Only you, your dentist and your hygienist can determine how often to make a visit, but most for most people, twice a year is sufficient. Check-ups should not be a one-time event. They are necessary for regular assessments of the condition and the well being of your mouth. Check-up procedures vary with each dentist, but basically will contain: a review of dental and medical history, an overall examination of the mouth including oral cancer screening, a professional cleaning, possibly a fluoride treatment, and a general assessment of hygiene at home. Regular check-ups are a MUST in the fight against gum disease.
How do I keep my teeth?
Your second set of teeth is your last, proper care will ensure that you keep them for life. In spite of what you may have heard Dental Disease is not only controllable, it is also correctable and most of all preventable. A thorough brushing and flossing routine is important for maintaining healthy teeth and gums. Flossing is important because it reaches the areas a toothbrush can't reach, between the teeth and under the gum line. Your teeth need proper nutrition just as your body does. Fresh fruit and vegetables are a sure bet for healthy teeth and gums. Natural sugars however act the same way on teeth as refined sugars, so be sure to brush or at least rinse with water if a toothbrush is not handy after eating even a piece of fruit. It is important that you find a dental team that you feel comfortable with and who you can work with in order to maintain a healthy smile for life. Routine visits to your dentist for a check up and cleaning will help to maintain healthy teeth and gums.
Do I really need x-rays?
Dental x-rays are taken routinely by your dentist. There are many diseases and dental defects, which can not be seen by the naked eye, especially where teeth are concerned. These may include such things as decay under old fillings, teeth trapped below the gums, cavities between the teeth, bone loss as a result of gum disease and changes in either jaw bone structure which can be affected by many systemic diseases.
If you are a new patient, your dentist may recommend x-rays to check the current status of your mouth and to check for hidden problems. Upon your first visit to the dentist he or she will usually take a full series of x-rays consisting of 14 - 18 films. A Panoramic x-ray film showing a much greater areas of your jaw bones may be needed as well in order for your dentist to comfortably and competently examine you. Every six months or so your dentist may take a small series of x-rays consisting of four to six films. A six-month period is a long time in the life of a cavity and it is for this reason that a visit to the dentist every six months is so important.
Is it Safe to have X-rays taken?
Yes. Numerous precautions and advances in x-ray equipment help protect patients from receiving unnecessary radiation. The amount of radiation received from a dental x-ray exam is extremely small compared to other naturally occurring sources of radiation, including minerals in the soil, radon and cosmic radiation from outer space. Unlike their medical counterparts dental x-rays are very low in radiation. A full-mouth series of films, using state-of-the-art technology, will deliver an effective dose that is equivalent to about 19 days of exposure to naturally occurring environmental radiation. The reason for this is that the amount of radiation needed to expose a film as small as a dental x-ray is very small. Also the areas in your mouth that are being x-rayed are far less dense than other areas of your body and therefore require very little radiation in order to pick up the image. Also the beam of radiation is a very small narrow one and literally passes through the cheek and out of your body. The rest of your body is also shielded from any stray particles with a lead apron or shield.
Dental X-rays may reveal:
the number, size, and position of teeth
un-emerged or impacted teeth
the presence and extent of dental caries
bone damage (such as from periodontitis)
abscessed teeth
fractured jaw
gingivitis
impacted tooth
malocclusion of teeth
other abnormalities of the teeth and jaw bones
I am afraid of going to the Dentist . . .
What can I do?
Fear of the dentist is quite common and many people are as fearful and concerned as you may be. However, because fear of the dentist is so common, your dentist and his staff are also well aware of this and are properly trained to work with you in helping you to overcome these fears.
Notify your dental team about your concerns and questions. You will find they are eager to work with you to make your visits pleasant. Asking questions about your mouth and proposed treatment will help to remove fear of the unknown and give you an opportunity to become involved in your dental health. Most importantly, remember that your dental team is eager to work with you, not just on you,in order to achieve a mutual goal - maintaining the health of your smile.
What is Gum Disease?
Gum disease or periodontal disease or gingivitis as it is also called is the number one cause of tooth loss today. The reason you loose teeth from gum disease is because this disease attacks the gums as well as the bones, which are the foundation in which your teeth rest. As the bone literally dissolves away from around your teeth, your teeth become loose and eventually fall out. Anyone at any age is susceptible to gum disease. Gum disease is caused by plaque. If the plague is not removed on a daily basis it will form calculus, which is the breeding ground for the germs which cause periodontal disease.
Bleeding gums are the first sign that there may be a problem with the gums. Puffy, tender red gums are also a sign that there is an infection present. Bleeding gums however are not always present even in severe cases of gum disease. Routine and regular visits to your dentist are the best way of catching gum disease in its early stages before too much damage has been caused. Gum disease will not go away by itself or with improved home care. The only way of removing plaque deep under the gums is with professional cleanings. Once you have had a gum problem you will always be susceptible to recurring problems, so be sure to see your dentist on a regular basis - every two to three months, unless he or she recommends otherwise.
How does a tooth decay?
A substance known as plaque causes tooth decay. Plaque is a clear bacteria laden film, which develops on the teeth. The bacteria in plaque interact with the starches and sugars we eat and form an acid, which breaks down or de-mineralizes our teeth. As this process is going, on our saliva along with properties it has, acts to help re-mineralize teeth. When the demineralization process is faster than that of remineralization a cavity occurs.
There are several things that can be done to slow down or totally prevent this breakdown process which leads to cavities. One of the most important contributors to decay are sugars, and eliminating or drastically reducing your intake of them will help greatly in preventing tooth decay. Proper brushing and flossing, and removal of the plaque will also help in preventing breakdown. Home fluoride rinses help aid in the remineralization process. Of course routine visits to your dentist are of importance not only in the early detection of cavities but professional cleanings and fluoride treatments are very important in maintaining a healthy happy mouth.
How do we prevent tooth decay & What are Sealants?
There are several things that you can do to help prevent tooth decay. The most important of course is the diet. What you eat plays a very important role in the overall well being of your mouth and the rest of your body. Since sugars are directly related to the breakdown process, which causes decay, eliminating sugar from the diet will have a direct impact on cavities.
Plaque and sugar interact with one another to form an acid, which breaks down the enamel of the teeth, resulting in a cavity. Proper removal of plaque will also greatly reduce the risk of getting cavities. Thorough brushing and flossing will not only remove sugar from the mouth but also the plaque, which has formed on the surfaces of the teeth since the last brushing. Certain foods will help to keep the mouth in a healthy state. These foods include whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, and any low sugar foods that won't aid in tooth decay.
Sealants are a very good way of protecting the biting surfaces of teeth that have never had a filling nor have no decay. Sealants are a clear or white material, which is applied on the biting surfaces of the teeth. The purpose of sealants is to smooth over the normal crevices of the teeth were germs could easily accumulate, thereby protecting the teeth from decay.
Concerns regarding Tongue Piercing . . .
Tongue piercing is becoming more common. Like other forms of body piercing, it carries serious risks during the procedure itself. These include the risk of local or systemic infection. Local infection can occur because the mouth is hard to sterilize and many places that pierce tongues do not always maintain a sterile environment.
Systemic infection is always a possibility and includes the risk of hepatitis and AIDS. The rinsing with mouthwash may not take care of an infection if it is serious. It is important to remember that piercing establishments are not regulated by law nor are the operators licensed. The operator's experience and competence can vary and are not guaranteed. Like other forms of body piercing, tongue piercing also can result in an allergy if the metals used are not of the highest quality. Many times, the stated price of the piercing does not include the jewelry to be placed.
Unlike other forms of piercing, the tongue also caries the increased risk of bleeding problems. The tongue has major blood vessels within it and many operators are not aware of this. The jewelry may also be swallowed if loosened and result in choking.
In addition, unlike other forms of body piercing, tongue piercing also caries the risk of damage to the surrounding teeth. The hard jewelry can chip and break the enamel or fillings of the teeth as one talks and eats. This damage can also result in the death of the tooth's inner pulp if the trauma to the tooth is chronic. This tooth damage may result in the need for expensive crowns to restore a smile or even a root canal to keep the tooth. These are important matters to consider before undergoing tongue piercing. If there is a problem after tongue piercing, it is important not only to contact the piercing establishment, but your physician and dentist as needed. Your smile and your health are important in the long run!
Question:
"I read the "article" about tongue piercing, because I was recently planning to get my tongue pierced. As mentioned, one should be sure that the highest quality metal be used for the piercing to avoid allergic reactions. Are there any specific suggestions for a metal? "
Reply:
"I think it is great that you want to get the highest quality metal for your jewelry but hold it, what about the protection of your own high quality crystalline structures already in your mouth-your teeth? Remember now matter how high the quality of the jewelry in your tongue, all metal jewelry can injury one thing you cannot replace easily, the beautiful enamel of your teeth. Enamel of the teeth can permanently chip or even worse, the whole tooth, pulp and all can become injured. So not only think of how your body responds to metal with allergy, but think how your teeth will respond with an injurious force in your mouth of metal."
Do you grind your teeth and What is TMJ?
Often people who are under an unusual amount of pressure will deal with their tension and stress, by clenching or grinding their teeth while sleeping. Grinding your teeth at any time is considered a hazard and can affect the total well being of your mouth. Grinding your teeth can cause damage to the tempromandibular joint and can alter your bite. If you hear a clicking or popping in your jaw joints when you chew, you may suffer from tempromandibular joint dysfunction commonly called TMJ. Although stress-related grinding of your teeth at night is one cause of TMJ, other causes of TMJ have been traced to or associated with a bad bite, poor posture and even sleep positions. Injury or aging can also cause TMJ disorders. TMJ can create headaches; dizziness, buzzing or ringing in the ears and dull pain around the ears that radiates to neck, back and shoulders.
Treatment of TMJ problems varies with the cause. Your dentist may suggest relaxation exercises to reduce tension, a special diet, physical therapy, or your dentist may make an appliance to help relax your jaw muscles and aid in restoring normal joint functions. If you believe that you suffer from a TMJ disorder, tell your dentist so that the condition can be monitored and diagnosed and follow his or her recommended treatment. Again, if you have any concerns, please consult your dentist.
Is Tooth Whitening Safe?
Whitening teeth with carbamide peroxide under the supervision of a dentist has been shown to safe for teeth and gums. Some patients have experienced increased tooth sensitivity and some temporary discomfort of their gums. These symptoms tend to disappear within 1-3 days after stopping the process. Usually after the sensitivity disappears the whitening process can be started again and usually the sensitivity does not return. In any case, any reaction should be reported immediately to your dentist or hygienist for their special instructions. Over-the-counter quick bleaching kits may cause problems that you may be unaware of such as irritation of the gums and surrounding soft tissue. Over zealous use of over-the-counter home bleaching can wear away tooth enamel, especially due to the fact that these solutions have a very high acid content. We can't over emphasize that these types of procedures are best controlled at your dentist's office. Your progress will be monitored carefully which will certainly reduce most secondary effects. Only a dentist can make your teeth their whitest.
How much sugar is in a can of Coke™? Pepsi™?
Contrary to what our mothers led us to believe growing up, sugar is not inherently evil. Why all the fuss then? For two main reasons: Sugar promotes tooth decay and sugar has no nutritional value.
Our bodies are made to use carbohydrates as it's main energy source. During digestion sugars and other carbohydrates, such as starches, break down into simple sugars. Simple sugars then travel through the bloodstream to the body's cells where they provide energy and help form protein or are stored for future use. "Stored for future use" basically means the excess sugars are tuned into fat and stored throughout the body. Not only could eating lots of sugar-filled snacks make you gain weight, it could also prevent you from being hungry for the nutritious foods your body needs.
Eating sugary snacks and drinking soft-drinks between meals can also lead to dental decay. The sugars stick to your teeth and cause plaque and tooth decay. There other factors as well such as heredity and the make up and flow of saliva that contribute to tooth decay.
Many people don't count soft-drinks as "junk food" simply because it's a drink. It's true they don't contain fat, but a coke or Pepsi is not any better that a whole bag of candy.
It's primarily make up of water, colors, and sugars. A can of Coke has 39 grams of sugar and a can of Pepsi has 41 grams of sugar. That is about seven teaspoons or 13 lumps of sugar per can! It is important to read labels and look at the sugar content of products. Corn syrup, molasses, honey and all words ending in "so", such as fructose and glucose, are sugar. Contrary to popular belief honey is not necessarily more healthy that refined sugar. They may be different types, but our body treats all sugars the same. Also beware of the new "fat-free" craze. Many low-fat and non-fat foods have a very high sugar content. As with everything moderation is the key. Have a Coke or candy bar once and a while, just remember to brush your teeth!
Do sugars cause tooth decay?
Tooth decay is the result of many factors, including heredity and the make-up and flow of saliva. Sugars and other carbohydrates such as starchy foods also play a part. Bacteria on the teeth (dental plaque) feed on carbohydrates and make acids. The acids then break down the tooth to form a cavity. Frequent snacks of foods that contain carbohydrates, especially those that stick to the teeth, may increase chances of decay. The use of fluoride and better dental care has led to a decline of tooth decay in recent years. Experts also advise a balanced diet and brushing teeth after meals and snacks. "Baby bottle mouth syndrome" is a significant cause of tooth decay in young children. Infants should not sleep with bottles filled with any carbohydrate-containing liquid. This includes milk, formula and fruit juice.
How and why does fluoride help my teeth?
Along with proper home care, fluoride is one of the most effective ways of preventing tooth decay and improving oral health for a lifetime. It strengthens tooth enamel, making it less susceptible to decay. Fluoride can be obtained through drinking water or dietary supplements, through topical applications of toothpastes, mouthrinses, and gels, and it can be prescribed by your dentist.
What should I do if a tooth is knocked out?
If a permanent tooth is injured, time is of the essence. Replace the tooth in its socket, and get to your dentist-s office immediately, holding the tooth firmly in place. If you are uncomfortable replacing the tooth in its socket, clean it (taking care not to remove attached tissues), and store the tooth in a glass of clean water or milk. Your dentist will try to re-implant and stabilize the tooth. If the tooth is a baby tooth, don-t replace it in its socket; damage to the permanent tooth could occur. When in doubt, place the tooth in milk, and call your dentist immediately.
Can adults benefit from braces?
Yes. More and more adults are seeking orthodontic treatment to improve the appearance and health of their teeth. Clear, or "invisible," ceramic braces are popular among adults and are as effective as they are esthetic. Treatment typically ranges from months to a few years, depending on the complexity of the problem.
What is a root canal? Is it painful? How long does it take? How long will it last?
A root canal typically is performed to save your tooth when the pulp in the tooth-s root is damaged. The procedure involves cleaning out, shaping, and filling the root canal to prevent recontamination of the tooth. The tooth then is permanently restored using a filling or a crown.
In most cases, routine local anesthesia will control any discomfort during treatment. Occasionally, if a tooth is highly inflamed, a dentist will use other modalities to make the patient more comfortable. It is possible to have some postoperative discomfort for a brief time. This can be relieved with pain medication.
Root canals typically require one or two 30- to 90-minute dental visits. If the procedure is complicated, additional visits may be required. A root canal, coupled with proper restoration, will enable your tooth to function permanently as a healthy tooth. Your dentist will assess in advance if your tooth is a candidate for endodontics, or root canal therapy.
How are dental instruments sterilized?
Dentists generally use steam or hot air to sterilize instruments in an autoclave at high temperatures and pressures, which kills any infectious agents. Dentists may also use disposable instruments. Instruments are sterilized before each use. Autoclaves are tested regularly by an outside source to ensure they are sterilizing effectively.
Should I have my wisdom teeth removed?
Your wisdom teeth may need to be removed if they are impacted. That is, there is no room in your mouth for them to erupt, they prevent you from opening your mouth, and/or are causing pain, discomfort, or swelling in your jaw. The position of your teeth, your age, and the surgery involved are individual considerations that will affect your decision.
Ask your general dentist or maxillofacial surgeon for a professional opinion.
When should orthodontic treatment be considered for my child?
A child should be examined by a dentist between the ages of 2 and 3. At this time, the dentist not only will look for straight or crooked teeth, he or she also will evaluate potential problems with jaw growth, such as an underbite or crossbite. Abnormal jaw growth often is caused by thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, or other habits, or genetics. It can cause problems such as uneven wear on the teeth, asymmetrical jaw growth, and bite problems. These problems should be corrected early to prevent more severe problems later. If there is a problem, your dentist will refer your child to an orthodontist.
The American Association of Orthodontists recommends that children receive an orthodontic evaluation as early as age 7, when permanent teeth begin to develop. At this time, your orthodontist can make any further treatment recommendations based on how your child's permanent teeth begin to erupt.
When should my child stop using a pacifier and/or stop thumb sucking?
This varies from child to child, depending on the frequency and duration of the habit, as well as the facial bone growth of the child. Pacifier or thumb sucking may become a concern because they can cause changes in the position of the teeth. Abnormal tongue habits (such as tongue thrust) may also be a problem. Check with your child's general dentist or orthodontist for his/her opinion.
See also:
Periodontal Disease & Diabetes
What is Plaque?
Source: Your Health Encyclopedia, 4-rd Edition, 2002
Last Revised at December 4, 2007 by Harutyun Medina, M.D.
|
