Bleeding gums
Key points
- Bleeding from the gums is mainly due to inadequate plaque removal from the teeth at the gum line.
- It is important to follow the instructions from your dentist in order to maintain healthy gums.
- This will lead to a condition called gingivitis, or inflamed gums.
- If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and dental appointments, it will harden into what is known as tartar.
Alternative names
Gums - bleeding
Definition
Bleeding from the gums is mainly due to inadequate plaque removal from the teeth at the gum line. This will lead to a condition called gingivitis, or inflamed gums. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and dental appointments, it will harden into what is known as tartar. Ultimately, this will lead to increased bleeding and a more advanced form of gum and jawbone disease known as periodontitis.
Considerations
It is important to follow the instructions from your dentist in order to maintain healthy gums. Improper brushing and flossing technique may actually irritate or traumatize the gum tissue. If gum bleeding persists, it may be a sign of serious medical disorders such as leukemia, bleeding disorders, platelet disorders, or overmedication with anticoagulants ("blood thinners" such as Coumadin).
Common Causes
- Gingivitis from inadequate plaque removal
- Periodontitis (advanced form of gingivitis)
- Anticoagulants such as Coumadin (warfarin) and heparin
- Toothbrush abrasion, improper flossing
- Infection, which can be either tooth or gum related
- Vitamin C deficiency
- Vitamin K deficiency
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy
- Chemical irritants such as aspirin
- Leukemia
- Placement of new dentures can lead to denture sores/irritations
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Home Care
- Visit the dentist at least once every 6 months for plaque removal. Follow your dentist's home care instructions.
- Brush teeth gently with a soft-bristle toothbrush after every meal. The dentist may recommend rinsing with salt water or hydrogen peroxide and water. Avoid using commercial, alcohol-containing mouthwashes, which aggravate the problem.
- Floss teeth twice a day to keep plaque from building up.
- Eliminate between-meal snacks and reduce carbohydrate intake to help prevent plaque build-up on teeth.
- Use an oral irrigation device on the low setting to massage the gums.
- Maintain a balanced, healthy diet.
Additional tips:
Written and revised by
David Cohen, M.D.
Our doctors write and review articles for accuracy and keep them up to date.
health.am provides general information, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified health professional about your own health.