TABLE 22-24
| TABLE 22-24. CAUSES OF SUSTAINED HYPERTENSION |
| Miscellaneous Obesity Coarctation of the aorta Takayasu syndrome Lead poisoning |
| Renal disease Parenchymal diseases Glomerulonephritis Pyelonephritis Collagen vascular diseases Liddle syndrome Renin-secreting tumors Congenital malformations: cystic, dysplastic, and hypoplastic kidneys Obstructive uropathy Renal vascular disease Renal artery thrombosis (NB: Umbilical artery catheterization) Renal artery stenosis: fibromuscular, atheromatous Extrinsic vascular compression |
| Endocrine disease A. Catecholamine-induced Catecholamine-secreting tumors: pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma Sudden catecholamine release; large intravenous doses of reserpine or α-methyldopa Supersensitivity to circulating catecholamines; eating foods with a high tyramine content (aged cheeses, pickled herring, beer, red wine) while taking monamine oxidase inhibitors Taking sympathomimetic amines (decongestants, eye drops), especially if taking reserpine or α-methyldopa B. Excess mineralocorticoids Aldosterone-producing adenomas Adrenal hyperplasia ± dexamethasone-suppressible aldosteronism Adrenal carcinoma Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 11β- or 17α-hydroxylase deficiency Apparent mineralocorticoid excess Excess licorice ingestion Ketaconozole administration C. Excess glucocortioids Cushing syndrome Iatrogenic D. Sex hormones Contraceptive pills with estrogen Testosterone Anabolic steroids |