Table 11-3

Sleep apnea

Drug-induced or drug-related

Chronic kidney disease

Primary aldosteronism

Renovascular disease

Long-term corticosteroid therapy and Cushing's syndrome

Pheochromocytoma

Coarctation of the aorta

Thyroid or parathyroid disease

From Chobanian AV et al: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003;289:2560.