Table 33.4. Established prognostic factors for breast cancer and risk of recurrence
| Table 33.4. Established prognostic factors for breast cancer and risk of recurrence. | |
|
Prognostic factor |
Effect on risk of recurrence |
| Axillary lymph node involvement present | Increased |
| Size of the primary tumor (large) | Increased |
| Tumor histologic and/or nuclear grade (higher) | Increased |
| Lymphatic and vascular channel invasion present | Increased |
| Estrogen and/or progesterone receptor positive | Decreased |
| Her-2/neu overexpressed | Increased |
| Measures of tumor proliferation (higher) | Increased |