TABLE 14-2 - Frequently Used Benzodiazepines

Drug	Oral Dosage Equivalency (mg) *	Single Dosage (mg)	Usual Therapeutic Dosage (mg/day)	Onset	Metabolism	Elimination Half-Life**	Active Metab	Common Uses in Psychiatry
Alprazolam (Xanax)	2	0.25-1.0	1.0-4.0	Intermediate	Oxidation	6-20	Yes	Panic, anxiety
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)	40-100	5.0-25.0	15.0-100.0	Intermediate	Oxidation	30-100	Yes	Alcohol detoxification
Clonazepam (Klonopin)	1	0.5-2.0	1.0-4.0	Intermediate	Oxidation	18-50	No	Panic, anxiety
Diazepam (Valium)	20	2.0-10.0	4.0-40.0	Fast	Oxidation	30-100	Yes	Anxiety, insomnia
Flurazepam (Dalmane)	120	15.0-30.0	15.0-30.0	Fast	Oxidation	50-160	Yes	Insomnia
Lorazepam (Ativan)	4	0.5-20.	1.0-6.0	Intermediate	Conjugation	10-20	No	Anxiety, catatonia
Oxazepam (Serax)	60	10.0-30.0	30.0-120.0	Slow	Conjugation	8-12	No	Alcohol detoxification
Temazepam (Restoril)	60-120	7.5-15.0	7.5-30.0	Intermediate	Conjugation	8-20	No	Insomnia
Triazolam (Halcion)	1	0.125-0.25	0.125-0.25	Fast	Oxidation	1.5-5	Yes	Insomnia

_* Single dose equivalency.
_** In hours. Elimination half-life includes all active metabolites.