TABLE 1-2 - Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms
Affective flattening	Decreased expression of emotion, such as lack of expressive gestures
Alogia	Literally "lack of words," including poverty of speech and of speech content in response to a question
Asociality	Few friends, activities, interests; impaired intimacy, little sexual interest
Positive symptoms
Hallucinations	Auditory, visual, tactile, and/or olfactory hallucinations; voices that are commenting
Delusions	Often described by content; persecutory, grandiose, paranoid, religious; ideas of reference, thought broadcasting, thought insertion, thought withdrawal
Bizarre behavior	Aggressive/agitated, odd clothing or appearance, odd social behavior, repetitive- stereotyped behavior

Adapted from Andreasen NC Black DW.lntroductory textbook of psychiatry. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2001.