Shin splints
Key points
- Shin splints are pains in the front of the lower legs caused by exercise, usually after a period of relative inactivity.
- Shin splints can be caused by any of four types of problems, none of which are serious.
- Tibial shin splints are very common problems that affect both recreational and trained athletes.
- For posterior tibial and tibial periostitis shin splints, the healing process usually takes a week of rest with ice treatment for 20 minutes twice a day.
Alternative names
Lower leg pain; Pain - shins; Anterior tibia pain
Definition
Shin splints are pains in the front of the lower legs caused by exercise, usually after a period of relative inactivity.
Considerations
Shin splints can be caused by any of four types of problems, none of which are serious. All types of shin splints can be treated with rest.
Common Causes
Tibial shin splints are very common problems that affect both recreational and trained athletes. Runners are often affected.
Tibial periostitis occurs further toward the front of the leg than posterior tibial shin splints, and the bone itself is tender.
Anterior compartment syndrome affects the outer side of the front of the leg.
Stress fractures usually produce localized, sharp pain with tenderness 1 or 2 inches below the knee. A stress fracture is likely to occur 2 or 3 weeks into a new training program or after beginning a more strenuous training regimen.
Home Care
For posterior tibial and tibial periostitis shin splints, the healing process usually takes a week of rest with ice treatment for 20 minutes twice a day. Over-the-counter pain medications will also help. Do not resume running for another 2 to 4 weeks.
For anteriorcompartment syndrome, pain will usually subside as the muscles gradually accustom themselves to the vigorous exercise. Complete rest is probably not necessary.
For a stress fracture, rest for at least 1 month is required. Complete healing requires 4 to 6 weeks. Crutches can be used but typically are not necessary.
Call your health care provider if
Although shin splints are seldom serious, you may need to call your health care provider:
- If the pain is prolonged and persistent, even with rest
- If you are not sure your pain is caused by shin splints
- If there is no progress with home treatment after several weeks
What to expect at your health care provider's office
The health care provider will perform a physical examination and will obtain your medical history.
Medical history questions documenting your symptom in detail may include the following:
- Time patterno When did the pain develop?o Is it present all of the time?
Written and revised by
Andrey Nailor, M.D.
Our doctors write and review articles for accuracy and keep them up to date.
health.am provides general information, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified health professional about your own health.