Gene variant raises skin cancer risk-study

People who carry a certain genetic variation are much more likely to develop the most dangerous form of skin cancer, Portuguese researchers said on Monday.

Their study, presented at the Congress of the European Society for Medical Oncology in Stockholm, showed the variation in a gene known as cyclin D1 raised the risk of developing the cancer by 80 percent compared to those without the mutation.

Cyclin D1 is part of the mechanism that speeds up or slows down cell growth. Previous research has linked changes in the way it functions to several tumours, including skin and breast cancer.

"Our results indicated that the proportion of melanoma cases attributable to this genetic alteration is 14 percent," Raquel Catarino of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Porto, said in a statement.

Melanoma, caused by exposure to the ultraviolet light in sunlight, is an aggressive, difficult-to-treat cancer with an average survival rate of about six months for people with advanced stages of the disease.

The World Health Organisation estimates that as many as 60,000 people each year die from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light, mostly from malignant melanoma.

Catarino and colleagues analysed the blood of 1,053 volunteers, including 161 people with melanoma and 892 healthy men and women. They found that people carrying two copies of the variant were 80 percent more likely to develop melanoma.

"Once the genetic factors involved in melanoma...are identified and their importance established and validated, the individual's genetic profile could help clinical decisions," Catarino said.

LONDON (Reuters Life!)